The sixth goal of the United Nation's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development commits member States to ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for everybody. North and Central Asia (NCA) is particularly affected by water stress and struggles to achieve several SDG targets. While sanitation targets are often met in the region, the same does not hold for water targets, where ambitious actions are required. Governments need to increase water use efficiency and preserve water-related ecosystems, enhance transboundary cooperation, and avoid conflicts over the use of water resources. Progress is needed to safely treat domestic wastewater and ensure access to affordable drinking water for all. Finally, data collection capacities, together with transparency, should be improved since these are necessary to understand weaknesses in implementation and plan future actions