Countries in Special Situations

The landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) in the region are a heterogenous group that differ significantly in economic and population size as well as geographic features. One of the biggest challenges they face in achieving sustainable development is their limited ability to overcome structural impediments, such as high transport costs to world markets, caused by the lack of access to the sea. Moreover, due to their isolation, these countries find it challenging to effectively engage and participate in the world economy and global value chains.

Improving infrastructure connectivity is a critical step towards achieving sustainable development in Asian LLDCs. Enhanced transport connectivity can significantly reduce trade costs and boost the efficiency and competitiveness of business operations. Similarly, improved digital connectivity can aid LLDCs, particularly those with limited resources, in tapping into economies of scale and gaining access to innovative business,  climate resilience and adaptation solutions. To achieve these goals, scaling up investment and financing resources for infrastructure connectivity is therefore an urgent policy priority for Asian LLDCs.  

The Vienna Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries 2014-2024  prioritizes the development and expansion of infrastructure, the enhancement of competitiveness, the expansion of trade, structural transformation, regional cooperation, and the promotion of inclusive economic growth and sustainable development.

ESCAP’s support​

ESCAP supports 12 Asian LLDCs in their implementation of the Vienna Programme of Action and its Roadmap, especially in the priority areas of the Programme, such as transit, trade and transport facilitation, energy and ICT, structural economic transformation, and cooperation between LLDCs and transit countries. ESCAP provides intergovernmental support, analysis on economic, social, and environmental data and statistics to assist Member State in developing frameworks and policies, and technical assistance for national capacity building.